Residents of Quneitra Governorate in southern Syria, specifically in the Al-Rafid area, awoke to an unprecedented shock after receiving electricity bills for the fourth and fifth billing cycles with amounts described by citizens as "astronomical" and "impossible to pay." The story began...

The policy of patching up laws, amending legislation, and delving into the labyrinth of executive regulations to modify them is futile. What is required is surgical, comprehensive excision. All laws enacted by the former defunct regime must be completely eradicated. We must build a new legal...

Arab societies are witnessing profound transformations in their value systems due to the interplay of local and global factors. This study, in its summary,  presents an analytical framework for understanding the formation of contemporary moral identity through six intersecting dimensions:...

An examination of approximately 3,000 military documents belonging to the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) revealed an organizational pattern based on ethnic affiliation in the distribution of combat roles, raising questions about the cohesion of the militia, which claims to be pluralistic, in...